Competitive impacts of Digitalization on Brazilian market dynamics: case study on retail
Conteúdo do artigo principal
Resumo
Context: The Brazilian economy has undergone significant digital transformation, and retail is no exception. More retailers are now using digital tools and offering customers more attractive offers on how to shop, which in turn has brought offline and online retail closer together to the benefit of consumers.
Objective: To analyze how increasing retail digitalization has altered competitive dynamics between sales channels and how these changes are reflected in consumer behavior patterns and choices.
Method: Economic literature review and descriptive statistics using publicly available data.
Conclusions: Digital transformation in Brazilian retail has been incremental rather than disruptive, with evidence showing that online and offline channels compete while serving complementary roles.
Detalhes do artigo
Seção

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Os direitos autorais dos artigos publicados são do(s) autor(es), com direitos da Revista de Defesa da Concorrência (RDC) sobre a primeira publicação, impressa e/ou digital.
O(s) autor(es) somente poderá(ão) utilizar os mesmos resultados em outras publicações indicando claramente a Revista de Defesa da Concorrência como o meio da publicação original. Se não houver tal indicação, considerar-se-á situação de autoplágio.
A reprodução, total ou parcial, dos artigos aqui publicados fica sujeita à expressa menção da procedência de sua publicação neste periódico, citando-se o volume e o número dessa publicação, além do link DOI para referência cruzada. Para efeitos legais, deve ser consignada a fonte de publicação original.
Por se tratar de periódico de acesso aberto, permite-se o uso gratuito dos artigos em aplicações educacionais e científicas desde que citada a fonte, conforme a licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
Como Citar
Referências
ABRANTES-METZ, Rosa M.; MALONEY, Mame. Competitive Dynamics of Online and Brick-and-Mortar Retail Prices. CPI Antitrust Chronicle, July 2022. Available at: https://x.gd/JqnL8. Accessed on: Jan. 5 2025.
AKMAN, Pinar. A web of paradoxes: empirical evidence on online platform users and implications for competition and regulation in digital markets. Virginia Law Business Review, Virginia, v. 16, i. 2. p. 217- 292, 2022. Available at: https://x.gd/m1M3q. Accessed on: Jan. 5 2025.
ASSOCIAÇÃO LATINO-AMERICANA DE INTERNET (ALAI). Avaliação econômica e concorrencial do PL no 2.768/2022: experiência internacional, identificação das empresas sujeitas à regulação e estimação dos impactos econômicos. Montevideo: Alai, 2023. Available at: https://x.gd/faKGP. Accessed on: Jan. 5 2025.
BASES de microdados. Cetic.br, São Paulo, 2024. Available at: https://x.gd/5h9VM. Accessed on: Jan. 5 2025.
BASTOS, Camila Sanson Pereira. Mercados de Plataformas Digitais: Edição Revista e Atualizada. Brasília, DF: Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica, 2023. Available at: https://x.gd/t4ARE. Accessed on: Jan. 5 2025.
BRASIL. Ministério da Fazenda. Digital platforms: competition aspects and regulatory recommendations for Brazil. Brasília: Ministry of Finance, 2024. Available at: https://x.gd/M9fp3. Accessed on: Dec. 12 2024.
CAVALLO, Alberto. Are Online and Offline Prices Similar? Evidence from Large Multi-channel Retailers. American Economic Review, v. 107, i. 1, p. 283-303, 2017. DOI: 10.1257/aer.20160542. Available at: https://x. gd/v4Zpf. Accessed on: Dec. 12 2024.
CALVANO, Emilio; POLO, Michele. Market power, competition and innovation in digital markets: A survey. Information Economics and Policy, [s. l.], v. 54, p. 100853, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j. infoecopol.2020.100853. Available at: https://x.gd/hINlX. Accessed on: Jan. 21 2025.
CENNAMO, Carmelo. Competing in digital markets: A platform-based perspective. Academy of Management Perspectives, Valhala, v. 35, n. 2, p. 265-291, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/ amp.2016.0048. Available at: https://x.gd/yuMnY. Accessed on: Dec. 12 2024.
CUSUMANO, Michael A.; GAWER, Annabelle; YOFFIE, David B. The Business of Platforms: Strategy in the Age of Digital Competition, Innovation, and Power. New York: Harper Business, 2019.
DOLFEN, Paul et al. Assessing the Gains from E-commerce. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, Pittsburgh, v. 11, n. 1, p. 342-370, 2023. Available at: https://x.gd/b5CFv. Accessed on: Jan. 5 2025.
EVANS, David S.; SCHMALENSEE, Richard. Matchmakers: The New Economics of Multisided Platforms. Cambridge: Harvard Business Review Press, 2016.
GOLDFARB, Avi; TUCKER, Catherine. Digital Economics. Journal of Economic Literature, Pittsburgh, v. 57, n. 1, p. 3-43, 2019. Available at: https://x.gd/YvtjO. Accessed on: Jan. 25 2025.
GOLDMANIS, Maris et al. E-commerce and the Market Structure of Retail Industries. The Economic Journal, Oxford, v. 120, i. 545, p. 651-682, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2009.02310.x. Available at: https://x.gd/yQ6ii. Accessed on: Jan. 21 2025.
GOLOVANOVA, Svetlana et al. The institutional environment and gig platform transaction cost solutions. Journal of Institutional Economics, Cambridge, v. 20, e12, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/ S1744137423000383. Available at: https://x.gd/jH68sF. Accessed on: Dec. 17 2024.
GORODNICHENKO, Yuriy; TALAVERA, Oleksandr. Price setting in online markets: Basic facts, international comparisons, and cross-border integration. American Economic Review, Pittsburgh, v. 107, 1. 1, p. 249- 282, 2017. DOI: 10.1257/aer.20141127. Available at: https://x.gd/mFVcw. Accessed on: Jan. 21 2025.
HAGIU, Andrei; WRIGHT, Julian. Multi-Sided Platforms. International Journal of Industrial Organization, [s. l.], v. 43, p. 162-174, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2015.03.003. Available at: https://x. gd/P8SwQ. Accessed on: Jan. 21 2025.
HANELT, André et al. A Systematic Review of the Literature on Digital Transformation: Insights and Implications for Strategy and Organizational Change. Journal of Management Studies, v. 59, i. 2, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12639. Available at: https://x.gd/cLa0h. Accessed on: Jan. 21 2025.
HOVENKAMP, Herbert. Antitrust and eMarkets. Stanford Law and Policy Review, Philadelphia, 2024. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4962651. Available at: https://x.gd/i0WSi. Accessed on: Jan. 21 2025.
INSTITUTO BRASILEIRO DE GEOGRAFIA E ESTATÍSTICA (IBGE). Pesquisa Anual de Comércio. [S. l.]: IBGE, 2023. Available at: https://x.gd/Q4UD4. Accessed on: Jan. 21 2025.
LENDLE, Andreas et al. There Goes Gravity: EBay and the Death of Distance. The Economic Journal, Oxford, v. 126, i. 595, p. 406-441, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ecoj.12286. Available at: https://x.gd/ KPmmQ. Accessed on: Dec. 12 2024.
MCINTYRE, David P.; SRINIVASAN, Arati. Networks, Platforms, and Strategy: Emerging Views and Next Steps. Strategic Management Journal, v. 38, i. 1, p. 141-160, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2596. Available at: https://x.gd/PpJza. Accessed on: Dec. 17 2024.
MCKINSEY & COMPANY. O consumidor brasileiro hoje: o sentimento e os hábitos de quem consome no Brasil. Nova Lima: McKinsey & Company, 2024. Available at: https://x.gd/n8fMG. Accessed on: Dec. 12 2024.
MORAIS, João Carlos Nicolini de; LIMA, Leonardo de Castro; TAKAHASHI, Gabriel Silva. Qual É a Sua Massa Crítica? Uma Abordagem Empírica para Cálculo da Massa Crítica em Plataformas Digitais. Revista Direito Público, Brasília, v. 20, i. 107, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11117/rdp.v20i107.7289. Available at: https://x.gd/Unu0r. Accessed on: Dec. 17 2024.
NOOREN, Pieter et al. Should We Regulate Digital Platforms? A New Framework for Evaluating Policy Options. Policy & Internet, [s. l.], v. 42, 1. 10, p. 264-301, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/poi3.177. Available at: https://x.gd/y7yx4. Accessed on: Jan. 21 2025.
NORTH, Douglass C.; WALLIS, John J. Integrating institutional change and technical change in economic history a transaction cost approach. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, v. 150, i. 4, p. 609-624, 1994. Available at: https://x.gd/mXl76. Accessed on: Jan. 21 2025.
ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT (OECD). Digital Economy Outlook 2020. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2020. Available at: https://x.gd/7rlJ2. Accessed on: Jan. 21 2025.
PARKER, Geoffrey G.; VAN ALSTYNE, Marshall W.; CHOUDARY, Sangeet Paul. Platform Revolution: How Networked Markets Are Transforming the Economy and How to Make Them Work for You. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2016.
ROCHET, Jean-Charles; TIROLE, Jean. Platform Competition in Two-Sided Markets. Journal of the European Economic Association, Chicester, v. 1, i. 4, p. 990-1029, 2003. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1162/154247603322493212. Available at: https://x.gd/vybsI. Accessed on: Dec. 17 2024.
VIAL, Gregory. Understanding Digital Transformation: A Review and a Research Agenda. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, Newton, v. 28, i. 2, p. 118-144, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jsis.2019.01.003. Available at: https://x.gd/L5d5G. Accessed on: Dec. 17 2024.
VERHOEF, Peter C. et al. Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, v. 122, p. 889-901, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.09.022. Available at: https://x.gd/xkCbW. Accessed on: Dec. 17 2024.
WILLIAMSON, Oliver E. The economic institutions of capitalism: Firms, markets, relational contracting. New York: The Free Press, 1985.
XU, Lei. Platform Competition with Local Network Effects. [S. l.; s. n.], 2014. Available at: https://x.gd/ QNqCr. Accessed on: Dec. 17 2024.